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Thermal Analysis refers to a group of techniques used to study the physical and chemical properties of a material as a function of temperature or time, under controlled conditions.
Thermogravimetric Analysis
Thermogravimetric Analysis
A sample is placed in a balance inside a controlled atmosphere (e.g., nitrogen or air) and heated at a set rate. The weight is continuously recorded, revealing decomposition, oxidation, or moisture loss as a function of temperature. It's commonly used for analyzing thermal stability, composition, and moisture or solvent content in different industries especially pharmaceutical.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
The sample and a reference material are heated or cooled at a controlled rate. The heat flow required to maintain the same temperature in both is measured. The phase changes can be exothermal (releases heat) or endothermal (absorbs heat). Thermal transitions like melting or crystallization result in differences in heat flow which are recorded. Commonly used for studying melting points, glass transitions, and phase changes.
Differential Thermal Analysis
Differential Thermal Analysis
The sample and a reference material are heated at the same rate. Temperature differences between the sample and reference are measured to detect thermal events like exothermic (heat-releasing) or endothermic (heat-absorbing) reactions. Commonly used to investigate phase transitions, reaction kinetics, and thermal behavior of materials.
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